Art in which artists demand gender equality in the cultural sphere, question the male as a dominant, fight for justice, seek to change cultural attitudes, and also expand the opportunities and roles of women, is called feminist.
At the time of the birth of this theory, the artists deliberately avoided traditional art forms (painting, sculpture), as they are dominated by men. Instead, they sought to explore new forms of contemporary art, such as performance art, conceptual art, video art, installation, word art, etc., and/or resorted to “typically feminine” areas displaced from “big art” – crafts, sensuality, illustrative, narrative - transferring them from marginal spheres to the expositional space.
The ideas of feminism and feminist art spread in the Belarusian space in the nineties. By the year 2000, the interaction between the critical academic and artistic communities became noticeable.
In 2001, the Center for Gender Studies of the European Humanities University in Minsk launched a series of calendars “Women of Belarus: history in everyday life”. The project lasted until 2007 and managed to make calendars on the topics: "Women of Belarus: Paths to Freedom" (2001), "Women of Belarus - creators of culture" (2002), "Women of Belarus: on the personal front" (2003), "Women of Belarus: statuses and classes" (2004), "Women of Belarus: on the front line" (2005), "Women-weaving-thread-destiny" (2006), "Business women" (2007). Elena Gapova was the editor-in-chief. The general concept of the project is a conversation about art, work, war, private life, keeping female subjectivity in focus.
In addition, the 2002 project, "Women of Belarus - creators of culture", was the first formalized statement about the art of Belarusian women.
In 2005-2015 in Minsk, on the initiative of the well-known Belarusian feminist Irina Solomatina, a three-day international festival "Gender Route" was held. Today, the project exists as part of a book series that has begun, which combines the academic and artistic efforts of numerous participants in the "Feminist (art) criticism" project. The publication includes personal stories, materials from exhibitions and conferences, and theoretical articles. The project "Feminist (art) criticism" itself was launched in Minsk from November 25 to December 5, 2014, during the days of the international campaign "16 days against gender violence". Within the framework of the project, an international exhibition was held with a discussion of issues relevant to feminist artists.
In 2016, within the framework of the Gender Route project, the presentation of the book "Women's Activism in Belarus: Invisible and Untouchable" by Irina Solomatina and Victoria Schmidt took place in Minsk. The book presented studies that were carried out during the year in Belarus. An important component of the book was the drawings for each chapter by the Belarusian political artist Marina Naprushkina.
At the 3rd Belarusian feminist camp (summer 2015) a discussion-performance "Gender and Age" was organized. And already at the meta queer festival (September 2015), an interactive installation of the same name was created on the basis of the discussion. On the age line were placed things that traditionally accompany each age stage in a woman's life, and signs with common dangers and stereotypes. All items were collected from the personal belongings of the participants of the women's feminist camp, volunteers and organizers of the festival. The left things, as witnesses of discrimination, violence and control, have created a typical scenario for the life of Belarusian women. The installation once again drew attention to the gender myths that surround women throughout their lives.
#ladycomfortableinhome is a project created in 2018 and aimed at critically understanding the inequality of women and men in Belarusian society. The name of the company is a reaction to the statement of journalist Dmitry Kryat. He gave this name to his colleagues - the editor of independent media, who at that time were detained in the case of illegal access to the paid news feed of the BelTA news agency. Within the framework of the project, the organizers of the project have planned two thematic blocks. The first one is called "Instructions", in which the art group initiates discussions of official statistics on the social and economic status of women in Belarus. The second thematic block is "Portraits", in which the art group reminds of women, without whom it is impossible to imagine the history of Belarus. "About those #ladies who were comfortable in everyday life, who stood at the origins of revolutionary economic reforms, created museums, published books and participated in various political movements," write the organizers of the project. In addition, the organizers plan to distribute portraits of famous women, without which it is impossible to imagine modern Belarus, as well as to bring to people the figures showing the social and economic situation of women in Belarus.
Bright representatives of modern Belarusian feminist art: the group #damaudobnayavbytu, Zhanna Gladko, Alesya Zhitkevich, the Red Hogweed group, Olga Maslovskaya, Marina Naprushkina, Antonina Slobodchikova and others.
Feminist art today takes on a wide variety of forms, despite the fact that in Belarus this phenomenon still retains the character of a radical gesture.