The circle was divided into four internal sections: art, music, literature and drama, and chess.

The heads of the artistic department of the circle were the artists Rybakov Ivan Georgievich and Popov A.N.

Members of each department of the "Vilnius Art Circle" were engaged in popularizing their direction among the broad masses of people by holding cultural events: exhibitions, literary and musical evenings, performances, master classes. Various support was also provided to young artists in Vilnius and its environs.

From 1902 to 1903 the society held exhibitions of paintings and art industry objects.

In 1904, the Vilnius Art Circle was closed, and in 1908, former members of the circle created the Vilnius Art Society.